[111th Congress Public Law 220]
[From the U.S. Government Printing Office]
[[Page 2371]]
FAIR SENTENCING ACT OF 2010
[[Page 124 STAT. 2372]]
Public Law 111-220
111th Congress
An Act
To restore fairness to Federal cocaine sentencing. <<NOTE: Aug. 3,
2010 - [S. 1789]>>
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled, <<NOTE: Fair Sentencing
Act of 2010.>>
SECTION 1. <<NOTE: 21 USC 801 note.>> SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Fair Sentencing Act of 2010''.
SEC. 2. COCAINE SENTENCING DISPARITY REDUCTION.
(a) CSA.--Section 401(b)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act (21
U.S.C. 841(b)(1)) is amended--
(1) in subparagraph (A)(iii), by striking ``50 grams'' and
inserting ``280 grams''; and
(2) in subparagraph (B)(iii), by striking ``5 grams'' and
inserting ``28 grams''.
(b) Import and Export Act.--Section 1010(b) of the Controlled
Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C. 960(b)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ``50 grams'' and
inserting ``280 grams''; and
(2) in paragraph (2)(C), by striking ``5 grams'' and
inserting ``28 grams''.
SEC. 3. ELIMINATION OF MANDATORY MINIMUM SENTENCE FOR SIMPLE
POSSESSION.
Section 404(a) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 844(a))
is amended by striking the sentence beginning ``Notwithstanding the
preceding sentence,''.
SEC. 4. INCREASED PENALTIES FOR MAJOR DRUG TRAFFICKERS.
(a) Increased Penalties for Manufacture, Distribution, Dispensation,
or Possession With Intent To Manufacture, Distribute, or Dispense.--
Section 401(b)(1) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841(b)) is
amended--
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``$4,000,000'',
``$10,000,000'', ``$8,000,000'', and ``$20,000,000'' and
inserting ``$10,000,000'', ``$50,000,000'', ``$20,000,000'', and
``$75,000,000'', respectively; and
(2) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``$2,000,000'',
``$5,000,000'', ``$4,000,000'', and ``$10,000,000'' and
inserting ``$5,000,000'', ``$25,000,000'', ``$8,000,000'', and
``$50,000,000'', respectively.
(b) Increased Penalties for Importation and Exportation.--Section
1010(b) of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act (21 U.S.C.
960(b)) is amended--
[[Page 124 STAT. 2373]]
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$4,000,000'',
``$10,000,000'', ``$8,000,000'', and ``$20,000,000'' and
inserting``$10,000,000'', ``$50,000,000'', ``$20,000,000'', and
``$75,000,000'', respectively; and
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$2,000,000'',
``$5,000,000'', ``$4,000,000'', and ``$10,000,000'' and
inserting ``$5,000,000'', ``$25,000,000'', ``$8,000,000'', and
``$50,000,000'', respectively.
SEC. 5. <<NOTE: Review. 28 USC 994 note.>> ENHANCEMENTS FOR ACTS
OF VIOLENCE DURING THE COURSE OF A DRUG
TRAFFICKING OFFENSE.
Pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, United
States Code, the United States Sentencing Commission shall review and
amend the Federal sentencing guidelines to ensure that the guidelines
provide an additional penalty increase of at least 2 offense levels if
the defendant used violence, made a credible threat to use violence, or
directed the use of violence during a drug trafficking offense.
SEC. 6. <<NOTE: Review. 28 USC 994 note.>> INCREASED EMPHASIS ON
DEFENDANT'S ROLE AND CERTAIN AGGRAVATING
FACTORS.
Pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, United
States Code, the United States Sentencing Commission shall review and
amend the Federal sentencing guidelines to ensure an additional increase
of at least 2 offense levels if--
(1) the defendant bribed, or attempted to bribe, a Federal,
State, or local law enforcement official in connection with a
drug trafficking offense;
(2) the defendant maintained an establishment for the
manufacture or distribution of a controlled substance, as
generally described in section 416 of the Controlled Substances
Act (21 U.S.C. 856); or
(3)(A) the defendant is an organizer, leader, manager, or
supervisor of drug trafficking activity subject to an
aggravating role enhancement under the guidelines; and
(B) the offense involved 1 or more of the following super-
aggravating factors:
(i) The defendant--
(I) used another person to purchase, sell,
transport, or store controlled substances;
(II) used impulse, fear, friendship,
affection, or some combination thereof to involve
such person in the offense; and
(III) such person had a minimum knowledge of
the illegal enterprise and was to receive little
or no compensation from the illegal transaction.
(ii) The defendant--
(I) knowingly distributed a controlled
substance to a person under the age of 18 years, a
person over the age of 64 years, or a pregnant
individual;
(II) knowingly involved a person under the age
of 18 years, a person over the age of 64 years, or
a pregnant individual in drug trafficking;
(III) knowingly distributed a controlled
substance to an individual who was unusually
vulnerable due to physical or mental condition, or
who was particularly susceptible to criminal
conduct; or
[[Page 124 STAT. 2374]]
(IV) knowingly involved an individual who was
unusually vulnerable due to physical or mental
condition, or who was particularly susceptible to
criminal conduct, in the offense.
(iii) The defendant was involved in the importation
into the United States of a controlled substance.
(iv) The defendant engaged in witness intimidation,
tampered with or destroyed evidence, or otherwise
obstructed justice in connection with the investigation
or prosecution of the offense.
(v) The defendant committed the drug trafficking
offense as part of a pattern of criminal conduct engaged
in as a livelihood.
SEC. 7. <<NOTE: Review. 28 USC 994 note.>> INCREASED EMPHASIS ON
DEFENDANT'S ROLE AND CERTAIN MITIGATING
FACTORS.
Pursuant to its authority under section 994 of title 28, United
States Code, the United States Sentencing Commission shall review and
amend the Federal sentencing guidelines and policy statements to ensure
that--
(1) if the defendant is subject to a minimal role adjustment
under the guidelines, the base offense level for the defendant
based solely on drug quantity shall not exceed level 32; and
(2) there is an additional reduction of 2 offense levels if
the defendant--
(A) otherwise qualifies for a minimal role
adjustment under the guidelines and had a minimum
knowledge of the illegal enterprise;
(B) was to receive no monetary compensation from the
illegal transaction; and
(C) was motivated by an intimate or familial
relationship or by threats or fear when the defendant
was otherwise unlikely to commit such an offense.
SEC. 8. <<NOTE: 28 USC 994 note.>> EMERGENCY AUTHORITY FOR UNITED
STATES SENTENCING COMMISSION.
The United States Sentencing Commission shall--
(1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> promulgate the guidelines, policy
statements, or amendments provided for in this Act as soon as
practicable, and in any event not later than 90 days after the
date of enactment of this Act, in accordance with the procedure
set forth in section 21(a) of the Sentencing Act of 1987 (28
U.S.C. 994 note), as though the authority under that Act had not
expired; and
(2) pursuant to the emergency authority provided under
paragraph (1), make such conforming amendments to the Federal
sentencing guidelines as the Commission determines necessary to
achieve consistency with other guideline provisions and
applicable law.
SEC. 9. REPORT ON EFFECTIVENESS OF DRUG COURTS.
(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit
to Congress a report analyzing the effectiveness of drug court programs
receiving funds under the drug court grant program under part EE of
title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42
U.S.C. 3797-u et seq.).
(b) Contents.--The report submitted under subsection (a) shall--
[[Page 124 STAT. 2375]]
(1) assess the efforts of the Department of Justice to
collect data on the performance of federally funded drug courts;
(2) address the effect of drug courts on recidivism and
substance abuse rates;
(3) address any cost benefits resulting from the use of drug
courts as alternatives to incarceration;
(4) assess the response of the Department of Justice to
previous recommendations made by the Comptroller General
regarding drug court programs; and
(5) make recommendations concerning the performance, impact,
and cost-effectiveness of federally funded drug court programs.
SEC. 10. UNITED STATES SENTENCING COMMISSION REPORT ON IMPACT OF
CHANGES TO FEDERAL COCAINE SENTENCING LAW.
Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the
United States Sentencing Commission, pursuant to the authority under
sections 994 and 995 of title 28, United States Code, and the
responsibility of the United States Sentencing Commission to advise
Congress on sentencing policy under section 995(a)(20) of title 28,
United States Code, shall study and submit to Congress a report
regarding the impact of the changes in Federal sentencing law under this
Act and the amendments made by this Act.
Approved August 3, 2010.
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--S. 1789:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 156 (2010):
Mar. 17, considered and passed Senate.
July 28, considered and passed House.
<all>